Discussion:Henry George et son système

Fac-similé

dans le même fs

• Texte 1 : LETTRE sur HENRY GEORGE gallica
• Texte 2 : Le PROJET d'HENRY GEORGE gallica

pour le 3e texte vu les explication ci-dessous c’est introuvable

--Le ciel est par dessus le toit ^Parloir 14 janvier 2024 à 09:11 (UTC)

Le ciel est par dessus le toit : J'ai trouvé le texte, mais dans une traduction différente, et libre de droits dans Essays and letters by Leo Tolstoy translated by Aylmer Maude (1858-1938), éd. Grant Richards, London, 1904: https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.319510022994589&seq=223

Le texte anglais est le suivant :

LETTERS ON HENRY GEORGE

I. To T. M. Bondaref, who had written from Siberia asking

for information about the Single-Tax.

This is Henry George's plan :

The advantage and convenience of using land is not

everywhere the same ; there will always be many appli­

cants for land that is fertile, well situated, or near a

populous place ; and the better and more profitable

the land, the more people will wish to have it. All such

land should, therefore, be valued according to its

advantages : the more profitable-dearer ; the less

profitable-cheaper. Land for which there are few

applicants should not be valued at all, but allotted

gratuitously to those who wish to work it themselves.

With such a valuation of the land-here in the

Toula Government, for instance, - good arable land

might be estimated at about 5 or 6 roubles* the

desyatina ;+ kitchen-gardens in the villages, at about

10 roubles the desyatina ; meadows that arc fertilized by

spring floods at about 15 roubles, and so on. In towns

the valuation would be 100 to 500 roubles the desyatina,

and in crowded parts of Moscow or Petersburg, or at

the landing-places of navigable rh·ers, it would amount

to several thousands or even tens of thousands of

roubles the desyatina.

• The rouble is a little more than 25 pence.

+ The desyatina is nearly 21 acres.

When all the land in the country has been valued

in this way, Henry George proposes that a law should

be made by which, after a certain date in a certain

year, the land should no longer belong to any one

individual, but to the whole nation-the whole people ;

and that everyone holding land should, therefore, pay

to the nation (that is, to the whole people) the yearly

value at which it has been assessed. This payment

should be used to meet all public or national expenses,

and should replace all other rates, taxes, or customs dues.

The result of this would be that a landed proprietor

who now holds, say, 2,000 desyatfna, might continue

to hold them if he liked, but he would have to pay

to the treasury-here in the Toula Government, for

instance (as his holding would include both meadow­

land and homestead)-12,000 or 15,000 roubles a year ;

and, as no large laud-owners could stand such a pay­

ment, they would all abandon their land. llut it

would mean that a Toula peasant, in the same district,

would pay a couple of roubles per desyatfna less than

be pays now, and could have plenty of available land

near by, which he would take up at 5 or 6 roubles per

desyatfna. Besides, he would have no other rates or

taxes to pay, and would be able to buy all the things

he requires, foreign or Russian, free of duty. In

towns, the owners of houses and manufactories might

continue to own them, but would have to pay to the

public treasury the amount of the assessment on their

land.

The advantages of such an arrangement would be :

1 . That uo one will be unable to get land for use.

2. That there will be no idle people owning land

and making others work for them in return for per­

mission to use that land.

3. That the land will be in the possession of those

who use it, and not of those who do not use it.

4. That as the land will be available for people who

wish to work on it, they will cease to enslave them­

selves as hands in factories and works, or as servants in

towns, and will settle iu the country districts.

5. That there will be no more inspectors and collec­tors

of taxes in mills, factories, refineries and work­

shops, but there will only be collectors of the tax on

land which cannot be stolen, and from which a tax

can be most easily collected.

6. (and chiefly). That the non-workers will be saved

from the sin of exploiting other people's labour (in doing

which they are often uot the guilty parties, for they

have from childhood been educated in idleness, and do

not know how to work), and from the yet greater sin

of all kinds of shuffling and lying to j ustify themselves

in commiting that sin ; and the workers will be saved

from the temptation and sin of envying, condemning

and being exasperated with the non-workers, so that

one cause of separation among men will be destroyed. Cunegonde1 (d) 31 janvier 2024 à 10:40 (UTC)

Cunegonde1 : ok pour cette version --Le ciel est par dessus le toit ^Parloir 31 janvier 2024 à 12:04 (UTC)

Sources

Cette page regroupe trois courts documents de Tolstoï sur Henry George: deux lettres et un texte qui est essentiellement une longue citation de H. George. Les sources de ces textes sont:

1. LETTRE sur HENRY GEORGE (Lettre à un allemand): L. Tolstoï. Conseils aux dirigés. La nationalisation du sol; Le système de Henry George; Lettre à un Allemand.(Trad. Ely Halpérine-Kaminsky), 1903, pp. 109-115.

2. Le PROJET d'HENRY GEORGE: L. Tolstoï. Conseils aux dirigés. Appendice : II. Le projet d'Henry George (Trad. Ely Halpérine-Kaminsky), Paris; Charpentier, 1903, pp. 327-332.

3. LETTRE sur le PROJET d'HENRY GEORGE (écrite à un paysan vivant en Sibérie) Ce texte est une nouvelle traduction française produite à partir des deux versions anglaises A) Leo Tolstoy. Letter on Henry George. (traduit par Nathan Haskell Dole); et B) Leo Tolstoy. Letters and essays, life, general index (traduit par Leo Wiener). Boston; Dana Estes & Company. pp. 399-401. L'auteur de cette traduction originale souhaite la rendre publiquement accessible.

Tolstoï a également discuté du système de Henry George dans Où est l'issu?, et dans L'Esclavage de notre temps; et Romain Rolland mentionne dans sa bibliographie de Tostoï: Préface aux « Problèmes sociaux » de Henry George. en 1906; Au sujet de la visite du fils d’Henry George en 1909; et Sur le projet d'Henry George en 1890. Cette dernière référence a permis d'identifier la date du texte traduit par EH-Kaminsky en 1903; Les dates des deux autres textes ont été trouvées dans les versions anglaises.