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[[File:Computing%27s Jim Warren in Hansville WA%2C May 2010.jpg|vignette|Jim Warren (mai 2010).]]
'''Jim Warren''' (né en 1936) est un informaticien, entrepreneur, éditeur et professeur [[États-Unis|américain]].
== Début de carrière ==
Après trois ans de collège, il signe son premier contrat d'enseignement [[Équivalent temps plein|à plein temps]] en 1956 pour un salaire de {{US$|2,987}}.
De 1957 à 1967, Warren est professeur de [[mathématiques]] au [[Enseignement secondaire|secondaire]], au [[Collège#Aux_.C3.89tats-Unis|collège]] et à l'[[université]]. Il sera notamment à la tête du département de mathématiques du {{lien|lang=en|trad=Notre Dame de Namur University|fr=Collège Notre-Dame-de-Namur (San Francisco)|texte=collège Notre-Dame}} à [[San Francisco]]. Il enseignera par la suite l'[[informatique]] à l'[[université Stanford]], l'[[université d'État de San José]] et l'[[université d'État de San Francisco]].
Lors de cette période, il est conférencier invité de la ''[[National Science Foundation]]''. Il fonde et dirige les ''Summer Mathematics Institutes'' à l'{{lien|lang=en|trad=Our Lady of the Lake University|fr=université Notre Dame du Lac}} à [[San Antonio (Texas)]]<ref>{{lien web|langue=en|url=https://plus.google.com/115525980235091751834/about|titre=Jim Warren|éditeur=Google +|site=http://plus.google.com}}</ref>{{référence insuffisante}}.
À la fin des [[années 1960]], Warren s'implique à la ''{{lien|Midpeninsula Free University}}'', créée dans la foulée du ''[[Free Speech Movement]]''. Il occupe ainsi bénévolement le poste de secrétaire général pour trois mandats. À cette époque, il créé et édite le magazine ''The Free You''<ref>{{en}}The Midpeninsula Free University http://midpeninsulafreeu.com/</ref>.
== Entrepreneur en informatique ==
De 1968 jusqu'au milieu des [[années 1970]], Warren travaille comme un [[programmeur]] ''[[Travailleur indépendant|freelance]]'' et de [[mini-ordinateur]]s ainsi que consultant en informatique.
En 1977, Warren cofonde ''[[West Coast Computer Faire]]''. Pendant une demi-douzaines d'années, elle sera la plus grande convention publique de microinformatique. Jim Warren s'autoproclame ''{{lang|en|Faire Chaircreature}}'' et organise huit conventions<ref>{{lien web|langue=en|titre=The First West Coast Computer Faire|auteur=David H. Ahl|url=http://www.atariarchives.org/bcc3/showpage.php?page=98}}</ref>{{,}}<ref>{{lien web|langue=en|titre=West Coast Computer Faire brochures, forms, proceedings (1977-1978)|url=http://www.digibarn.com/collections/brochures/wcc-faire/index.html}}</ref>{{,}}<ref>{{lien web|langue=en|titre=1977 West Coast Computer Faire Program|url=http://www.6502lane.net/2012/04/17/1977-west-coast-computer-faire-program-2/}}</ref>.
En 1983, he sold the Faire to Prentice-Hall, "for 100% down; nothin' to pay".<ref>Hackers - Heros of the Computer Revolution, Steven Levy, http://www.stevenlevy.com/index.php/books/hackers</ref>
To promote the Computer Faires and circulate news and gossip about the then-infant microcomputer industry, he founded and edited the first free tabloid newspaper about microcomputing, the irregular ''Silicon Gulch Gazette'' (''SGG''), published from issue #0 in February, 1977, through issue #43, in January, 1986.<ref>Silicon Gulch Gazette, 1977-1985, collections, Computer History Museum, http://www.computerhistory.org/collections/accession/102686281</ref>
Beginning in 1978, Warren created and published the ''[[Intelligent Machines Journal]]'' (''IMJ'', which is also [[Pig Latin]] for "Jim"), the first subscription news periodical about microcomputing, published as a tabloid newspaper, with Tom Williams as its founding Editor. Warren sold ''IMJ'' in late 1979, to [[Patrick Joseph McGovern|Patrick McGovern]], the founder of the [[International Data Group]] and numerous computer periodicals worldwide, notably including ''[[Computerworld]]''. McGovern quickly renamed ''IMJ'' to be ''[[InfoWorld]]'', as his first microcomputer periodical, later converting it to various glossy magazine formats.<ref>{{cite book
|title=Fire in the Valley
|first1=Paul
|last1=Freiberger
|authorlink1=Paul Freiberger
|first2=Michael
|last2=Swaine
|authorlink2=Michael Swaine (author)
|url=http://www.landsnail.com/apple/local/fire-site/index.html}}</ref>
He hosted PBS television's ''[[Computer Chronicles]]'' series for their first two seasons (originated at the [[College of San Mateo]]'s KCSM-TV, Channel 60, 1981–1982).<ref>Lifetime Achievement Award, John Dvorak, http://www.citivu.com/dvorak/95awds.html#manoyr</ref>
Warren also founded and published the short-lived ''DataCast'' magazine, edited by [[Tony Bove]] and Cheryl Rhodes, focused on in-depth tutorials about specific microcomputer programs, and was the founder and producer of the equally ill-fated Video Initiative, providing similar self-paced videotape tutorials.
Warren was the founding Editor of ''[[Dr. Dobb's Journal]] of Computer Calisthenics & Orthodontia'', the first computer magazine to focus on microcomputer software, created and published by the nonprofit People's Computer Company.<ref>The History and Philosophy of DDJ, Dr. Dobb's Journal, http://www.drdobbs.com/aboutus</ref>
From 1990 to 1995, he was a member of the Board of Directors of [[Autodesk]], Inc., one of the best-known publishers of computer-aided design (CAD) programs for microcomputers, with [[AutoCAD]] as its flagship product. At the time, it was one of the largest microcomputer software publishers, with a market cap sometimes near a billion dollars. His tenure there including presenting Autodesk's position opposing software patents,<ref>Autodesk Statement on Software Patents, hearings by the Patent and Trademark Office, 1994, http://www.jamesshuggins.com/h/tek1/software_patent_autodesk.htm</ref><ref>US PTO, San Jose hearings record, http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/com/hearings/software/sanjose/sj_warren.html</ref> and chairing the Board's CEO Search Committee that found and selected Carol Bartz as its CEO.
== Activism ==
Warren founded and chaired the first [[Computers, Freedom and Privacy Conference]], held in 1991, which drew more than a hundred articles of press coverage, internationally. The CFP conferences have continued, under other leadership, for more than 15 years, consistently drawing national and international attention and attendance.<ref>Computers, freedom & privacy : a comprehensive, edited transcript of the First Conference on Computers, Freedom & Privacy, 1991, http://www.worldcat.org/title/computers-freedom-privacy-a-comprehensive-edited-transcript-of-the-first-conference-on-computers-freedom-privacy-held-march-26-28-1991-in-burlingame-california/oclc/25141616</ref><ref>CFP'91 Index of Papers and Transcripts, Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility, 1991, http://cpsr.org/prevsite/conferences/cfp91/home.html/</ref><ref>CFP'91 Introduction, Jim Warren, June 17, 1991,http://cpsr.org/prevsite/conferences/cfp91/intro.html/</ref><ref>The Constitution in Cyberspace, Laurence H. Tribe, CFP'91 Keynote, http://www.sjgames.com/SS/tribe.html</ref><ref>Ten Years of Computers, Freedom and Privacy: A Personal Retrospective, Lorrie Faith Cranor, https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:tYJC5lDj97gJ:www.cfp2000.org/papers/2cranor.pdf+&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESh-Ta12zqgnVvi07lNG8PlOvXlr-nDEe9gYmvy65CXbgAP9d6vE2LzUSWffkf9aNh1k1Kl6i-MILNkD5OHoeoVMP9mhDTfFnRQNuUGVooAUYNi28MJtarkdnJQ3sl1uLOBzcfoA&sig=AHIEtbQoOGv1xHJ36a0NxmFBhRzT-Y5-4w</ref>
In 1993, he assisted [[Debra Bowen]] pro-bono, then a freshman member of the California State Assembly, in drafting [[Assembly Bill 1624]] (AB 1624) and organized much of the statewide support that helped it pass four committee votes and three floor votes without a single dissenting vote. When AB 1624 took effect on Jan. 1, 1994, it made California the first state in the nation to open all of its computerized public legislative records, statutes, constitution and regulations, to fee-free access via the [[Internet]].<ref>California Assembly Bill No. 1624, 1993-94, http://legix.info/us-ca/measures;1993-94;ab1624/doc@92</ref>
Thereafter, numerous other states modeled their own legislation after AB1624, as evidenced by their use of the same eccentric phrasing that Warren drafted in AB 1624 to describe the Internet, which was relatively unknown at the time: "the largest nonproprietary, nonprofit cooperative public computer network". This was necessary to silence naive politicians objecting that it would be "giving away" public records to the Internet "company".
In 1995–1996, Warren served on the Advisory Panel on Electronic Filings of the California Secretary of State. This Panel advised the Secretary on how-best to implement new mandates for computerizing political-campaign financial statements, and making them timely-available to the public in electronic form without excessive fees.<ref>letter to California State Senate and Assembly, State Secretary of State Bill Jones, 2001, http://www.sos.ca.gov/prd/SOS_report_to_legislature.pdf</ref>
In 1996–1997, he served on the California Senate's Task Force on Electronic Access to Public Records, that produced recommendations regarding how to make computerized state and local public government records available to the public in electronic form. Warren was one of the minority who advocated online access without agency fees, and charging no more than the direct incremental cost of copying, when copies were requested in physical form. The majority of Task Force members were from city and county agencies, almost entirely advocating making the records available in electronic form, but only for fees far in excess of direct copying costs.<ref>California Senate Bill No. 143, Senator Quentin Kopp, 1997-98, http://www.leginfo.ca.gov/pub/97-98/bill/sen/sb_0101-0150/sb_143_cfa_19980818_204012_sen_floor.html</ref>
== Political career ==
In 1985, Warren was elected countywide, in a county of 700,000 population, to the Board of Trustees of the three-college [[San Mateo County Community College District]], for 1986–1989.
In 1986, knowing he no chance of winning, Warren nonetheless ran unsuccessfully for [[San Mateo County]] Supervisor against then-President of the County Board of Supervisors, [[Anna Eshoo]], as a protest of her representation of the county's rural minority that composed much of her supervisorial district.
== Other works ==
Aside from the several periodicals and conference proceedings mentioned above, Warren also created, published and edited the ''Peninsula Citizens' Advocate'' tabloid newspaper, addressing local rural political issues (very irregularly, 1984–1986).
Warren was the Futures columnist for ''Microtimes'', writing a monthly "Realizable Fantasies" column (1990-2001); the Government Access columnist for ''[[Boardwatch]]'' magazine (1994–1996), and the Public Access columnist for ''[[Government Technology]]'' magazine (1993–1996, 2000). Warren also wrote the nontechnical "Coastside Curmudgeon" column for the ''Half Moon Bay Review'', Half Moon Bay, CA (1994–1996).
He also wrote the first invited, refereed survey of early personal computer developments in [[Computer (magazine)]],<ref>"Personal and Hobby Computing: An Overview", J. Warren, IEEE Computer Magazine, March, 1977,http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1646400&contentType=Journals+%26+Magazines&sortType%3Dasc_p_Sequence%26filter%3DAND%28p_IS_Number%3A34520%29</ref> the "Personal Computing" section of the Encyclopedia of Computer Science And Engineering, 2nd edition, 1983.,<ref>"Personal Computing," 2nd Edition (1983), Wiley Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Engineering, http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0471383937.html</ref> a 15-year retrospective ("We, The People, In The Information Age") in [[Dr. Dobb's Journal]], January, 1991, etc.
== Education ==
Warren holds an MS in Computer Engineering from [[Stanford]] (1977), an MS in Medical Information Science from the [[University of California, San Francisco]] Medical Center (1974), an MA in Mathematics & Statistics from the [[University of Texas at Austin]] (1964), and a BA in Mathematics & IA (1959) from what was then [[Texas State University–San Marcos|Southwest Texas State Teachers College]] in San Marcos, Texas. He completed all but his dissertation ("[[Doctor of Philosophy, All But Dissertation|ABD]]") for a Ph.D. in EE-Computer Engineering from [[Stanford]] (advanced to candidacy, 1975).
== Awards ==
* First-year recipient of the [[Electronic Frontier Foundation]]'s Pioneer Award (1992)
* The [[Hugh M. Hefner First Amendment Award]] from the [[Playboy Foundation]] (1994)
* The James Madison Freedom-of-Information Award from the [[Society of Professional Journalists]], Northern California (1994)
* The [[John Dvorak]] Lifetime Achievement Award (1995)
== Media ==
* {{audio|JimWarren041006 part1.ogg|Interview with Jim Warren}}
== Notes et références ==
{{Traduction/Référence|en|Jim Warren (computer specialist)|563692141|type=note}}
{{références}}
== Bibliographie ==
* ''The California Public Records Act'' (PRA) Government Code 6250-6270
*[[The Secret History of Hacking]], a 2001 documentary film featuring Warren.
== Voir aussi ==
=== Articles connexes ===
=== Liens externes ===
*{{en}}[http://www.atariarchives.org/bcc3/showpage.php?page=98 Entrevue] à propos de la ''{{lang|en|West Coast Computer Faire}}
*{{en}} [http://www.animatedsoftware.com/hightech/jimwarre.htm Russell D. Hoffman Entrevue] sur www.animatedsoftware.com
{{Portail|Informatique|États-Unis}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Warren, Jim}}
[[Catégorie:Naissance en 1936]]
[[Catégorie:Étudiant de l'université Stanford]]
[[Catégorie:Étudiant de l'université du Texas à Austin]]
[[Category:Stanford University alumni]]
[[Category:University of California, San Francisco alumni]]
[[Catégorie:Professeur à l'université Stanford]]
[[Catégorie:Professeur américain]]
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